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    地下云圖網(wǎng)

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    2018-05-11 13:42:22China Daily Yao Lan ECNS App Download

    地下云圖網(wǎng)

    underground seismic network for earthquake monitoring

    5月7日,四川省地震預(yù)警重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室、成都高新減災(zāi)研究所在成都高新區(qū)宣布:將在四川、云南建設(shè)面向地震預(yù)報(bào)的我國首個(gè)地下云圖網(wǎng)。

    According to the plan, 2,000 monitoring stations will be built in two years in Sichuan and Yunnan, two quake-prone provinces in southwest China, said scientists with the Institute of Care-life, a disaster-reduction lab based in Chengdu, capital of Sichuan.

    四川省成都高新減災(zāi)研究所的科學(xué)家表示,按照規(guī)劃,我國將用兩年時(shí)間在四川和云南兩個(gè)地震多發(fā)省份建立2000個(gè)監(jiān)測站。

    地下云圖網(wǎng)(underground seismic network for earthquake monitoring)是通過在四川、云南建設(shè)2000個(gè)地下云圖監(jiān)測站(monitoring stations),實(shí)時(shí)關(guān)注與地震發(fā)生直接相關(guān)的物理量——地下應(yīng)力和能量(underground stress and energy),從而形成它們的動(dòng)態(tài)演化圖。

    新建設(shè)的川滇地下云圖網(wǎng)的主要科學(xué)目標(biāo)是,解決淺源(深度小于20千米)破壞性地震的臨震預(yù)報(bào)(to predict shallow earthquakes whose epicenters are less than 20 kilometers deep)難題。臨震預(yù)報(bào)(imminent earthquake prediction)是指對某地幾天以內(nèi),在較小范圍內(nèi)可能發(fā)生的破壞性地震做出的預(yù)報(bào)。

    按照科研計(jì)劃,地震預(yù)警四川省重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室、成都高新減災(zāi)研究所將用1至2年建成川滇地下云圖網(wǎng);再用3年時(shí)間,運(yùn)用新建設(shè)的地下云圖網(wǎng)采集10個(gè)左右破壞性地震的案例(monitor the region for three years and expect to collect data on about 10 earthquakes in this period),進(jìn)行地震預(yù)報(bào)的內(nèi)部技術(shù)試驗(yàn)等。目前,首個(gè)地下云圖網(wǎng)監(jiān)測站和傳感設(shè)備,已在汶川縣映秀地震臺(tái)部署完成。

    地震之所以可怕,除了其來勢迅猛,猝不及防外,還因?yàn)樗茐牧@人。英語中,描述其破壞力的詞,按由輕到重的次序大致有damage,destroy, devastate,shatter,level,flatten等等。

    Damage 是指“損害,破壞”,但不是特別嚴(yán)重,還可以修復(fù)的那種,比如:

    Apart from hydropower projects, the earthquake damaged some power equipment manufacturers in Sichuan including Dongfang Electric in Hanwang in Deyang that was badly damaged when several buildings collapsed, causing several hundred deaths.

    除了水電站,地震還破壞了四川的一些供電設(shè)施工廠,德陽市漢旺鎮(zhèn)的東方電氣受損嚴(yán)重,幾棟建筑物倒塌,數(shù)百人死亡。

    Destroy 表示“完全破壞,消滅,摧毀,奪去人的生命”,被摧毀的物件不能再用。比如:

    Disasters, such as the quake, that destroy lives somehow create a renewed sense of selfless compassion.

    像地震這樣的災(zāi)害,奪去人的生命,也激發(fā)出人們的無私情感。

    Devastate 也是表示“摧毀,破壞”,它比destroy的威力還要大、涵蓋的面還要廣,destroy 通常限定于某一地、某事物或是人,而devastate 還可表示“情感上,精神上也遭破壞,整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的完全潰敗”,比如:

    She was devastated by the loss of her mother.

    母親的死擊垮了她。

    地震可以destroy我們,但不能devastate我們。

    Shatter 指“粉碎,砸碎,毀壞,毀滅”,比如在地震中那些破碎的玻璃和房屋:

    All the glass and some of the buildings shattered when the earthquake hit the city.

    地震來襲的時(shí)候,所有的玻璃都震碎了,一些建筑物也損毀了。

    Level 和 flatten 的意思差不多,都是表示受害非常嚴(yán)重,“被夷為平地”,比如:

    The quake leveled entire towns, flattening the simple adobe, brick structures and leaving nothing but rubble.

    地震夷平了整個(gè)城鎮(zhèn),摧毀了簡易土坯房和磚結(jié)構(gòu)建筑,只留下一片廢墟。

    【相關(guān)詞匯】

    淺源地震 shallow earthquake

    破壞性地震 destructive earthquake

    震中 epicenter

    地震波 seismic wave

    地震預(yù)報(bào) earthquake prediction

    震級 earthquake magnitude

    余震 aftershock

    地震次生災(zāi)害 seismic secondary disaster

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