UCL醫學研究協會（Medical Research Council,MRC）終生健康與老齡化部門的梅•斯塔福德（Mai Stafford）博士說："家長還為我們提供了穩固的大本營,我們以此為基礎探索世界.而關愛和體察他人需求已被證明可以推動社交和情感發展."
"By contrast, psychological control can limit a child's independence and leave them less able to regulate their own behaviour."
"相比之下,心理上的控制會削弱孩子的自立與自律能力."
Examples of psychologically controlling behaviour identified by the study included invasions of children's privacy and an unwillingness to let children make their own decisions, and fostering dependence upon one or both parents.
研究指出的心理控制行為包括侵犯孩子隱私、不愿意讓孩子自己做決定以及助長孩子對父母的依賴.
Separately, study participants were asked about behavioural control, which included elements of parenting that involve not letting children get their own way: for example, not always allowing them to go out as often as they would like. No links with psychological wellbeing were observed in relation to this kind of parenting.
另外,研究參與者也被問及了行為控制,其中涉及到拒絕孩子自己做主的育兒方式,比如不允許孩子時常外出.研究未發現這類育兒方式與孩子的心理健康有關.
Dr Stafford said that the study did not seek to blame parents.
斯塔福德博士說,研究并不意在指責父母.
"Parents are vitally important to the mental wellbeing of future generations," she said. "Policies to reduce economic and other pressures on parents could help them to foster better relationships with their children." Previous research has shown a clear link between economic stress in parents and poorer early child development.
她說："父母對后代的心理健康發展至關重要.減少父母經濟等方面的壓力的政策有助于他們改善與子女的關系."此前有研究表明,家長承受的經濟壓力與孩子糟糕的早期發育有明顯的聯系.
The study group were participating in the MRC's National Survey of Health and Development. Of 5,362 people tracked since 1946, 2,800 remain under active follow-up and complete data was available from 2,000 people by the ages of 60-64.
參加此次醫學研究協會全國健康與發展調查的人數達5362,他們從1946年起接受追蹤調查.其中2800人積極參與了跟進調查,2000名60到64歲的調查對象提供了完整數據.
The findings are published in the Journal of Positive Psychology.
該調查的發現刊載在《積極心理學期刊》（Journal of Positive Psychology）上.
What's the theory? Parenting styles
育兒經一窺
Slow parenting: allows children to go at their own pace, with little control over what they take an interest in or when they do it.
放養式（Slow parenting）：任孩子以自己的節奏自由發展,幾乎不干涉他們何時對什么事情感興趣.
Helicopter parenting: named for the constantly hovering quality of certain mums and dads, the opposite of slow parenting is characterised by close involvement in a child's interests and hobbies. First identified in the 60s, the term has come to describe the type of parent who lines up a list of after school activities.
直升機式（Helicopter parenting）：因某些家長像直升機一樣時刻盤旋在孩子身邊而得名.與"放養式"父母完全不同,他們的一大特點就是密切介入子女的興趣愛好.此詞最早出現在上世紀60年代,現用來指代全權安排課外活動的父母.
Tiger mum: originated in a 2011 book by Chinese-American author Amy Chua about a traditional, strict approach to motherhood that gets results in terms of grades and extracurricular achievement. It also spawned a new term for another breed of parent – the cat dad, who is laid back, stand-offish and slow to anger.
虎媽式（Tiger mum）：此詞出自華裔美國作家蔡美兒（Amy Chua）2011年出版的一本書.書中寫到母親采用一種嚴苛的傳統教育方法,令孩子在學業上以及課業外都有所成."虎媽"還衍生出另一個新詞"貓爸",形容隨和、矜持而不易動怒的父親.
