U.S. Federal Reserve Chair Janet Yellen speaks during a news conference in Washington D.C., capital of the United States, March 16, 2016. The U.S. Federal Reserve on Wednesday kept its benchmark short-term interest rates unchanged as widely expected, noting that "global economic and financial developments continue to pose risks" to the U.S. economy. (Xinhua/Bao Dandan)
The Federal Reserve on Wednesday kept its benchmark short-term interest rates unchanged amid potential risks to the U.S. economy, signaling the central bank will slow the pace of future interest rate hikes this year.
In December, the Fed raised its target range for the federal funds rate by 25 basis points to 0.25-0.5 percent, the first rate hike in nearly a decade, marking the end of an era of extraordinary easing monetary policy.
But the turmoil in financial markets and a slowdown in global economy since the start of the year has raised increasing concerns about the strength of the U.S. economy, forcing Fed policymakers to hold off on any further rate hikes since then.
In its January policy statement, the Fed declined to make a judgement about the balance of risks to the U.S. economy, an indication of the uncertainty about the impact of global economic and financial turbulence on the world's largest economy.
In a statement released Wednesday after a two-day policy meeting, the Fed said U.S. "economic activity has been expanding at a moderate pace despite global economic and financial developments in recent months," but these developments continue to pose risks.
The changes in the statement on risks signaled that Fed officials are inclined to wait for more time to assess the U.S. economic outlook before raising interest rates again.
"We should not take the strength in the U.S. labor market and consumption for granted," Fed governor Lael Brainard said in a speech earlier this month. "From a risk-management perspective, this argues for patience as the outlook becomes clearer."
The Fed's updated projections released Wednesday showed that policymakers expected the federal funds rate to rise to around 0.9 percent at the end of 2016, implying two quarter-percentage-point rate increases this year, down from four estimated in December.
"Most participants do continue to envision that if economic developments unfold as they expect that further increases in the federal funds rate will prove appropriate over time," Fed Chair Janet Yellen said Wednesday at a press conference after the policy meeting, indicating the central bank is still on track to raise interest rates later this year.
As the U.S. economy approaches full employment, wage pressures are expected to start rising and pushing up inflation towards the central bank's 2 percent target, according to Fed officials. This gives the central bank reasons to consider raising interest rates to prevent the economy from overheating.
The U.S. unemployment rate held steady at 4.9 percent in February, near the level many Fed officials believe represents full employment.
The economy added 242,000 new jobs last month, more than twice the minimum amount of monthly job growth needed to stabilize the unemployment rate, according to the Labor Department.
The so-called core PCE (personal consumption expenditures) price index, a Fed's preferred measure of core inflation excluding food and energy, increased 1.7 percent in January from a year ago, the biggest year-on-year gain since the end of 2012.
Stanley Fischer, vice chairman of the Fed, said earlier this month that the U.S. may be seeing "the first stirrings of an increase in the inflation rate", suggesting he may be willing to raise interest rates in coming months.
"They need to find employment growth to start slowing down, because if it doesn't start slowing down, they're going to be behind the curve," Joseph Gagnon, a former Fed economist and a senior fellow at the Peterson Institute for International Economics, told Xinhua.
"That (the employment growth) has been strong. That's why they have to raise interest rates," Gagnon said, predicting that the central bank could hike interest rates as soon as its next policy meeting in April.
But about 76 percent of the business and academic economists polled by the Wall Street Journal this month estimated that the Fed would wait until June to raise interest rates.
The central bank's baseline expectations for U.S. economic activity, the labor market and inflation "have not changed much since December," Yellen said, adding that "economic conditions will evolve in a manner that will warrant only gradual increases in the federal funds rate."
